'mtDNA'

Haplogroup M31.

Click link to see tree diagram for this haplogroup.
Haplogroup M31 tree

The groups around the M* are mainly East Asian groups.

The sequences for the M31 haplogroup are:

 1. Kumarsamy     A8.JS    AY950293(Andaman)
 2. Kumarsamy     A9.JS    AY950294(Andaman)
 3. Kumarsamy     A12.JS   AY950297(Andaman)
 4. Kumarsamy     A13.JS   AY950298(Andaman)
 5. Kumarsamy     A15.JS   AY950300(Andaman)

 6. Thangaraj     A2.JS    DQ408673.2(Onge)

 7. Rao           A1.JS    DQ149511(Andaman)
 8. Rao           A5.JS    DQ149515(Andaman)
 9. Rao           A6.JS    DQ149516(Andaman)
10. Rao           A9.JS    DQ149519(Andaman)
11. Rao           A10.JS   DQ149520(Andaman)
12. Rao           A11.JS   EF060262(Andaman)
13. Rao           A12.JS   EF060263(Andaman)
14. Rao           A13.JS   EF060264(Andaman)
15. Rao           A14.JS   EF060265(Andaman)
16. Rao           A15.JS   EF060266(Andaman)
17. Rao           A16.JS   EU075305(Andaman)
18. Rao           A17.JS   EU075306(Andaman)
 
The sequences has these differences from the CRS:

- for the main stem leading from H:

A73G     A263G    A750G    A1438G   A2706G   A4769G   C7028T   A8701G
A8860G   T9540C   A10398G  T10873C  G11719A  C12705T  C14766T  G15301A
A15326G  C16223T

- and for the M* branch:

T489C   T3999C   C10400T  C12876T  T14783C  G15043A

- and for  M31

T4907C  G11176A  T15530C

- and ignoring changes at 309 & 315 and around 523.


the mutation list is:

 1. Kumarsamy     A8.JS    AY950293(Andaman)
A200G    A1524G   A2045G   C3975T   A8973G   T9581C   A9617G   C11014T 
A13710G  C14407T  T16311C  T16505C 

 2. Kumarsamy     A9.JS    AY950294(Andaman)
A200G    A1524G   A2045G   C3975T   A8973G   T9581C   A9617G   C11014T 
A12321G  A13710G  C14407T  T16311C  T16505C 

 3. Kumarsamy     A12.JS   AY950297(Andaman)
A200G    A1524G   A2045G   C3975T   A8973G   T9581C   A9617G   C11014T 
A13710G  C14407T  T16311C  T16519C 

 4. Kumarsamy     A13.JS   AY950298(Andaman)
A200G    A1524G   A2045G   C3975T   A6017G   A8973G   T9581C   A9617G 
C11014T  A13710G  C14407T  T16311C  T16519C 

 5. Kumarsamy     A15.JS   AY950300(Andaman)
A200G    A1524G   A2045G   C3975T   A4829G   A8973G   T9581C   A9617G 
C11014T  A13710G  C14407T  T16311C  T16519C 

 6. Thangaraj     A2.JS    DQ408673.2(Onge)
A200G    A249N    A1524G   A2045G   2156.A   T2150A   C3975T   T7785C 
A8973G   T9581C   C11014T  A12321G  A13710G  C14407T  A14890G  T15440C 
T16311C  T16519C 

 7. Rao           A1.JS    DQ149511(Andaman)
A249.    A1524G   A2045G   2156.A   C3975T   A8108G   A8973G   T9581C 
C11014T  A13710G  C14407T  T15440C  T16311C  T16519C 

 8. Rao           A5.JS    DQ149515(Andaman)
A249.    A1524G   A2045G   2156.A   C3975T   A8973G   T9581C   C11014T 
A13710G  C14407T  T15440C  T16311C  T16519C 

 9. Rao           A6.JS    DQ149516(Andaman)
A249.    A1524G   A2045G   2156.A   C3975T   A8973G   T9581C   C11014T 
A13710G  C14407T  T15440C  T16311C  T16519C 

10. Rao           A9.JS    DQ149519(Andaman)
A249.    A1524G   A2045G   2156.A   C3975T   A8973G   T9581C   C11014T 
A13710G  C14407T  T15440C  T16311C  T16519C 

11. Rao           A10.JS   DQ149520(Andaman)
A249.    A1524G   A2045G   2156.A   C3975T   A8108G   A8973G   T9581C 
C11014T  A13710G  C14407T  T15440C  T16311C  T16519C 

12. Rao           A11.JS   EF060262(Andaman)
C150T    T195C    C868T    2156.A   A4775G   C6683T   G9966A   A11023T 
C11335T  A15258G  T15440C  T16017C  T16126C  G16145A 

13. Rao           A12.JS   EF060263(Andaman)
C150T    T195C    C868T    2156.A   A4775G   G9966A   A11023T  C11335T 
A15258G  T15440C  T16017C  T16126C  G16145A 
 
14. Rao           A13.JS   EF060264(Andaman)
C150T    T195C    C868T    2156.A   A4775G   A6158G   G9966A   A11023T 
C11335T  A15258G  T15440C  T16017C  T16126C  G16145A 

15. Rao           A14.JS   EF060265(Andaman)
C150T    T195C    C868T    2156.A   A4775G   G9966A   A11023T  C11335T 
T14178C  A15258G  T15440C  T16017C  T16093C  T16126C  G16145A 

16. Rao           A15.JS   EF060266(Andaman)
C150T    T195C    C868T    2156.A   A4775G   G9966A   A11023T  C11335T 
T14178C  A15258G  T15440C  T16017C  T16093C  T16126C  G16145A 

17. Rao           A16.JS   EU075305(Andaman) 
T195C    C868T    2156.A   A4775G   G9966A   A11023T  A15258G  T15440C 
T16017C  T16093C  T16126C  G16145A  C16193T 

18. Rao           A17.JS   EU075306(Andaman)
C150T    T195C    A200G    C868T    2156.A   A4775G   T5553C   G9966A 
A11023T  A15258G  T15440C  T16017C  T16093C   T16126C G16145A 

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2008